About Italy
Italy,(Italian: Repubblica italiana),is a unitary parliamentary republic in Southern Europe. To the north, Italy borders France, Switzerland, Austria, and Slovenia, and is approximately delimited by the Alpine watershed, enclosing the Po Valley and the Venetian Plain. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula and the two Mediterranean islands of Sicily and Sardinia, in addition to many smaller islands. The sovereign states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. Italy covers an area of 301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) and has a largely temperate climate. With 59.7 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe. Italy is also the fourth-largest economy on the European continent, third in the European Union, and eighth in the world.
Italy's capital and largest city, Rome, has for centuries been the leadingSee More
Italy,(Italian: Repubblica italiana),is a unitary parliamentary republic in Southern Europe. To the north, Italy borders France, Switzerland, Austria, and Slovenia, and is approximately delimited by the Alpine watershed, enclosing the Po Valley and the Venetian Plain. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula and the two Mediterranean islands of Sicily and Sardinia, in addition to many smaller islands. The sovereign states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. Italy covers an area of 301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) and has a largely temperate climate. With 59.7 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe. Italy is also the fourth-largest economy on the European continent, third in the European Union, and eighth in the world.
Italy's capital and largest city, Rome, has for centuries been the leading political and religious centre of Western civilisation, as the capital of the Roman Empire and of Christianity. In the Dark Ages, Italy suffered continual invasions by Germanic tribes, while the Roman heritage was preserved by Christian monks. Beginning from the 11th century, Italian cities rose to great prosperity through shipping, commerce and banking (indeed, modern capitalism has its roots in Medieval Italy),while culture flourished, especially during the Renaissance, which produced notable scholars, artists and polymaths such as Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo, Michelangelo and Machiavelli. Nonetheless, Italy remained fragmented into numerous warring states for the rest of the Middle Ages, subsequently falling prey to other large European nation-states, notably France, Spain and later Austria, thus entering a long period of decline that lasted until the beginning of the 18th century.
Italy was a founding member of the European Community in 1957, which became the EU in 1993. It is part of the Schengen Area, and has been a member of the Eurozone since 1999. Italy is considered a middle and regional power with membership in prominent institutions such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the World Trade Organization, the G8, G20, NATO, the Council of Europe and the United Nations. Italy currently maintains the world's tenth-largest nominal defence budget and is a participant in the NATO nuclear sharing policy. Less